CMC Questionnaire/Social Presence and Privacy Questionnaire (SPPQ)

From EuroVR Knowledge Base

Description

Consists of 17 social presence items and 13 privacy items, rated on a 5 point Likert scale. Based on a Computer Mediated Communication (CMC) attitude instrument (Steinfield, 1986) and an instrument measuring perceived privacy (Witmer, 1997).

Primary Reference or Source

• Tu, C. (2002b). The impacts of text-based CMC on online social presence. The journal of interactive online learning, 1(2).